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What is computer? Explain in brief part-1 (2020)

INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER

An electronic device that stores, retrives and process data or which manipulates data according to a list of instruction and which is composed of hardware and software.



FULL FORM OF COMPUTER

Common Operating Machine Purposely Used for Technological and Educational Research
 CHARACTERISTICS  OF  COMPUTER
Computer are popular because of following characteristics:

  1.  Speed : Computer can perform a task much faster than done manually.
  2.  Accuracy : Computer gives accurate results compared to task done manually.
  3.   Storge : Computer stores the information in its main memory and the same can be retrived                       based on the requirement.
  4.  Multitasking : Computer perform multiple tasks simultaneously. For ex:- one can use the computer to take a printout of an inventory reportand at the same time can use it to draft letters.
  5.   Communication : Computer can be used to exchange information between two or more computers. Internet is the best example of this.
APPLICATION AREAS OF COMPUTERS

 ·        Business Area
              ·        Entertainment Area
        ·        Education Area
      ·        Medical Area 
     ·        Finance Area
                ·        Weather for Casting
                             ·        Scientific and research Area
THE BINARY SYSTEM
0 = off
1 = on



 The Binary Language of Computer

 8 bits = 1 bytes

1024 bytes = 1 KB (Kilo Byte)

1024 KB = 1 MB (Mega Byte)

1024 MB = 1 GB (Giga Byte)

1024 GB = 1 TB (Tera Byte)

1024 TB = 1 PB (Peta Byte)

1024 PB = 1 EB (Exa Byte)

1024 EB = 1 ZB (Zetta Byte)

1024 ZB = 1 YB (Yotta Byte)

HOW COMPUTER WORKS

COMPONENTS AND PHRIPHERALS

Primary Component of Computer

Some of the devices that are attach internally are called Primary Components.

§  Motherboard : It is a main circuit board  that content processor slot, chipset, front side bus(FSB), RAM’s slot, PCI, Internal components ports, keyboard and mouse connect USB port, display connector, speaker, microphone etc.

§  Hard Disk : It is a magnetic memory device use for permanent storage

§  Optical Drive : Data used to read and write data from the optical media is called CD/DVD ROM etc . the CD ROM content 700MB and DVD content 1.5GB


§  SMPS (Switch Mode Power Supply) :  It convert the AC input into DC output

§  Floppy Disk Drive : It is used to read drive floppy disk.



COMPUTER PERIPHERALS


The device that are attached exteranally to the computer are called peripherals.


§  Keyboard : It is a input device. It rectangular or near rectangular button called keys. The standard keyboard consist of 101 to 104 keys.

§  Mouse : It is a pointing device use to move a graphics pointer on the screen this graphics pointer is called cursor. Using
mouse you can give commands, draw images and performs other input task.

 

§  Scanner : It is a optical device that analysis images, printing text, hand writing and digital images.
  

§  Joystick : It is commonly used for controlling player movement.

 

§  Microphone :It is used for recording audio in a computer. A sound cart converls and analog sound signal to digital form.


  

§  Digital Camera : It is a input device used for capture still image. You can convert a digital camera to a computer and transfer the image from other.


MAJOR PARTS OF COMPUTERS

  • ·         INPUT DEVICE
  • ·         OUTPUT DEVICE
  • ·         PROCESSOR
  • ·         PRIMARY MEMORY (MAIN MEMORY)(RAM/ROM)
  • ·         SECONDARY STORAGE DEVICE
  • ·         INTERNAL COMPONENTS
  • ·         SOFTWARE


















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